BUG/MINOR: mqtt: Support empty client ID in CONNECT message

BUG/MINOR: mqtt: Support empty client ID in CONNECT message

As specified by the MQTT specification (MQTT-3.1.3-6), the client ID may be
empty. That means the length of the client ID string may be 0. However, The
MQTT parser does not support empty strings.

So, to fix the bug, the mqtt_read_string() function may now parse empty
string. 2 bytes must be found to decode the string length, but the length
may be 0 now. It is the caller responsibility to test the string emptiness
if necessary. In addition, in mqtt_parse_connect(), the client ID may be
empty now.

This patch should partely fix the issue #1310. It must be backported to 2.4.